庄旺煤矿综放工作面顶煤冒放性分析

结合庄旺煤矿50208综放工作面煤层赋存特征,系统分析了开采深度、煤层强度、煤层厚度、煤层夹矸、煤层顶板及顶煤节理裂隙对综放工作面顶煤冒放性的影响,并通过隶属度法对庄旺煤矿顶煤冒放性的影响因素进行计算,做出综合评价,最终计算得工作面顶煤冒放性隶属度值μ为0.701,冒放等级为中等。因此,庄旺煤矿采用综采放顶煤回采工艺是可行的。     

Reactivity of flavanols: Their fate in physical food processing and recent advances in their analysis by depolymerization

Flavanols, a subgroup of polyphenols, are secondary metabolites with antioxidant properties naturally produced in various plants (e.g., green tea, cocoa, grapes, and apples); they are a major polyphenol class in human foods and beverages, and have recognized effect on maintaining human health. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate their changes (i.e., oxidation, polymerization, degradation, and epimerization) during various physical processing (i.e., heating, drying, mechanical shearing, high-pressure, ultrasound, and radiation) to improve the nutritional value of food products. However, the roles of flavanols, in particular for their polymerized forms, are often underestimated, for a large part because of analytical challenges: they are difficult to extract quantitatively, and their quantification demands chemical reactions. This review examines the existing data on the effects of different physical processing techniques on the content of flavanols and highlights the changes in epimerization and degree of polymerization, as well as some of the latest acidolysis methods for proanthocyanidin characterization and quantification. More and more evidence show that physical processing can affect content but also modify the structure of flavanols by promoting a series of internal reactions. The most important reactivity of flavanols in processing includes oxidative coupling and rearrangements, chain cleavage, structural rearrangements (e.g., polymerization, degradation, and epimerization), and addition to other macromolecules, that is, proteins and polysaccharides. Some acidolysis methods for the analysis of polymeric proanthocyanidins have been updated, which has contributed to complete analysis of proanthocyanidin structures in particular regarding their proportion of A-type proanthocyanidins and their degree of polymerization in various plants. However, future research is also needed to better extract and characterize high-polymer proanthocyanidins, whether in their native or modified forms.     

加工精度对方便米饭理化性质的影响

过度"精、细、白"的大米加工方式造成大量的粮食和营养浪费。为促进我国粮食适度加工政策的实施,研究大米加工精度(DOM)对方便米饭复水性质(水分含量和水分分布)、形态特征(长宽比、延长率和体积膨胀率)、颜色(L值、b值和ΔE值)、质构(硬度和黏度)和微观结构的影响及规律。结果表明,当DOM≥3%时,方便米饭的水分吸收速率、水分分布和形态特征与精白米方便米饭(DOM 12%)相近。当DOM升至6%时,方便米饭的形态特征、总体颜色ΔE值、硬度和微观结构也与精白米方便米饭相近。当DOM达到9%时,方便米饭的黏度已与精白米方便米饭无显著差异。由此可见,生产方便米饭的大米DOM范围宜为6%～9%。用此DOM范围的大米生产方便米饭,可以保留部分糠层营养物质,节约3%～6%的粮食。     

Design and synthesis of side-chain optimized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)-g-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) as proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications: Balancing the water-resistance and the sulfonation degree

Side-chain optimized poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)-g-poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PPO-g-PSSA) is designed with balanced water-resistance and sulfonation degree. The PPO-g-PSSA is synthesized by controlled atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from brominated poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO-xBr) and ethyl styrene-4-sulfonate and followed by hydrolysis. A series of PPO-g-PSSA are prepared possessing different bromination degree (x) of PPO-xBr and polymerization degree (m) of the side-chains and the water-resistances of the fabricated membranes are investigated. The results show that a PPO-g-PSSA at relatively low x (x < 0.2) and high m (m > 4) exhibits good balance between the water-resistance and the sulfonation degree. Namely, it displays suitable proton conductivity with compromised water-resistance. Moreover, a maximum ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 3.24 mmol g^?1 is reached without the sacrifice of water-resistance. In addition, PPO-g-0.08PSSA-13 and PPO-g-0.14PSSA-4 are chosen characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, proton conductivities and mechanical properties. At 90% RH, the optimized PPO-g-0.08PPSA-13 possesses a proton conductivity of 37.9 mS cm^?1 at 40 °C and 45.5 mS cm^?1 at 95 °C, respectively.     

镁质熔剂性球团矿相的多重分形谱

 球团矿相微观结构决定其冶金物理化学性能，为透视球团矿微观结构与其宏观冶金物理化学性能之间的依赖关系，需要解决的首要关键问题是矿相微观视觉特征的提取与定量表征。以镁质熔剂性球团微观矿相为研究对象，在直观分析矿相视觉特征的基础上，采用多重分形谱分析方法，提取矿相的微观多重分形谱定量表征值f（α），并分别深度挖掘由f（α）衍生出的对称度特征值Δf、谱宽特征值Δα、容量维特征值D（0）随碱度变化的迁移规律和随矿相检测位置变化的迁移规律。研究结果表明，矿相微观视觉特征在HSV颜色空间上呈现的颜色特征未在碱度变化和位置变化上存在显著差异性；矿相微观多重分形谱分析中，Δf、Δα、D（0） 3个特征值在碱度变化和位置变化上有显著的差异性，可以很好地表征碱度迁移规律和位置迁移规律。     

Effectiveness of English local plan SA/SEAs

Fourteen years since the implementation of the European SEA Directive, the effectiveness of the English system of Local Plan sustainability appraisals/strategic environmental assessments (SA/SEAs) is analysed, based on 15 case studies, five interviews, and questionnaires of 11 planners. Substantively, SA/SEA leads to fine-tuning of plan policy wording and a more robust choice of development sites, but to only limited wider influence on the plan. Normatively, there seems to be a direct conflict between the requirement that Local Plans must provide enough housing for ‘objectively assessed need’, and environmental protection. From a pluralist perspective SA/SEA reports are very long, and although the statutory consultees often comment on them, the public do so only infrequently. It is in the transactive dimension that the largest changes have taken place: both consultants and planners have had to do more with less. This does not yet seem to have negatively affected the other effectiveness dimensions, but may not be sustainable over time.     

陇南紫金难处理金精矿工艺矿物学研究

采用多元素分析、X射线衍射、矿物解离度分析和电镜扫描等方法，开展陇南紫金金精矿的工艺矿物学研究，深入分析矿物组分、各物相赋存状态以及金的伴生规律。研究结果表明：该金精矿S和As质量分数分别为42.12%和2.31%，硫化物包裹金占比为56.19%，属于硫化物包裹难处理金矿；金矿物粒度为1~10 μm，以银金矿为主，并含有少量的自然金；金矿物的单体解离度为30%，未解离的金矿物均与黄铁矿连生，呈半包裹半裸露状或完全被包裹状。基于金矿物的单体解离度随着矿物粒度减小而增大的特性，可通过超细磨的方法，增加金与浸金试剂的接触，为提高金的回收率创造良好条件。     

Studies on the effect of temperature and time on the SS 304 surface for the properties degradation of the solar collector

The properties of emissivity (?) and absorptivity (α) of the surface of the material is an essential output for the solar collector. This paper highlights the work based on the RSM design expert, to study the effect of parameters’ temperature and time when the surface is exposed to sunlight and absorbing the properties of emissivity and absorptivity of the material SS 304. The temperature range of the SS 304 varied from 20°C to 356°C for various time intervals from 90 to 1100?h. From this experimental work, it is clearly seen that the emissivity rate increased when the surface is focused onto sunlight beyond the saturated level. The absorptivity of the surface of SS 304 increases till the optimum level and reaches the saturated level. As a result, after the optimum level, emissivity rate of the surface increases, and absorptivity of the surface decreases when it is focused onto sunlight.     

Strategic environmental assessment in Romania: between benefits and constraints

This paper offers an overall picture of the importance of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in Romania and its opportunities and constraints. The role, scope and effectiveness of SEA in Romania are presented in two good practice examples and examined in order to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the procedure at national and local scale. In practice, the number of SEA procedures is very high due to the legislation in force, and it is increasingly effective in decision-making about programmes and plans. SEA can be viewed as a great opportunity for the implementation of sustainable development in practice. It also continues to be an important procedural and decisional instrument for management and monitoring of socioeconomic development, spatial planning and environmental protection in Romania.